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The primary purpose of endotracheal intubation is to provide temporary airway management. This procedure is used in critical care settings to secure the airway of a patient who may be unable to maintain adequate ventilation and oxygenation due to various conditions, such as respiratory failure or obstruction. While the tube can remain in place for an extended period, its primary function is to ensure that an airway is established to allow for ventilation, especially when mechanical ventilation is required.

Endotracheal intubation can be a lifesaving intervention that allows healthcare providers to manage a patient's respiratory needs effectively, particularly in situations where spontaneous breathing is compromised or when a patient is at risk of losing their ability to protect their airway. This management is generally deemed temporary, and further interventions, such as tracheostomy, may be considered for long-term airway support if the need persists.

Other options, such as creating a permanent airway or monitoring lung function, do not accurately reflect the primary intent of intubation. While intubation can lead to long-term management in some cases, it is fundamentally a means to gain immediate control over a patient's airway in critical situations.